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ANSI/IIAR 2-2021 – Part 3: Equipment (Other Requirements) | Blog No. 21

Writer's picture: Eli Macha, PresidentEli Macha, President

This is a continuation of Part 3. This part of ANSI/IIAR 2-2021 includes chapters 8-18. For the sake of brevity, this blog covers chapters 13-18.

Chapter 13: Piping and Hoses

Chapter 13 of the ASHRAE 15-2010 standard covers the requirements for piping and hoses in ammonia refrigeration systems. It specifies that piping and hoses must comply with ASME B31.5 and outlines requirements for pipe materials, wall thickness, tubing, fittings, flanges, hoses, and pipe location. The chapter also includes provisions for valves, strainers, and the design and installation of piping hangers, supports, and isolation. Additionally, it addresses the location of refrigerant piping, including requirements for height, obstruction of egress routes, and burial underground.

Chapter 14: Packaged Systems and Equipment

Chapter 14 outlines the requirements for packaged systems and equipment. It specifies that such packages may be either enclosed or unenclosed, with equipment enclosures needing to comply with Section 5.15. The design of the package structure must support the weight of the equipment, withstand transportation and rigging stresses, and be able to handle environmental factors after installation. Additionally, the package must have valved pump-out connections for ammonia removal and be designed for use in various ambient temperatures. The fabrication process involves setting equipment on the package according to manufacturer recommendations, providing support and clearances, pressure-testing piping, and proper installation of electrical and gas fuel devices. The chapter also details requirements for alarms and detection, as well as ventilation for packaged systems based on their location.

Chapter 15: Overpressure Protection

Chapter 15 discusses the requirements for overpressure protection in refrigeration systems, including the use of pressure relief devices, rupture discs, and fusible plugs. It outlines specific requirements for pressure relief protection for ASME pressure vessels and non-ASME equipment, as well as the protection required for tube-and-fin or microchannel evaporator and condenser coils. The document specifies sizing of pressure relief devices and requirements for pressure vessels operating with liquid ammonia, as well as the conditions for installation of dual relief devices and specific capacity determination for different types of equipment. Additionally, it outlines guidelines for inspection, testing, maintenance, and repair of pressure relieving devices, discharge piping, and protected components, and provides specifications for the design and installation of discharge piping systems for ammonia pressure relief valves to ensure public health and safety.

Chapter 16: Instrumentation and Controls

This chapter outlines the requirements for instrumentation and controls in refrigeration systems. It specifies that instrumentation and controls must comply with the regulations laid out in the chapter, and provides guidelines for monitoring operating parameters, documentation, monitoring ammonia release during power failure, restricted access to safety settings, and compliance with electrical codes.

 

The section on visual liquid level indicators details the design and selection criteria, damage protection, and requirements for linear and bull's eye sight glasses.

 

The chapter also covers electric and pneumatic sensor controls, including design criteria and minimum manufacturer's nameplate data requirements.

 

Finally, it discusses the design and selection criteria for pressure gauges, as well as installation requirements for high side pressure gauges.

Chapter 17: Ammonia Detection and Alarms

Chapter 17 of the document specifies the requirements for the detection and alarms of ammonia leaks in different areas such as machinery rooms, areas other than machinery rooms, and packaged systems. It outlines installation design requirements, including the need for continuous power supply, supervised wire runs, communication loss reporting, and monitoring of sensing elements. The design and testing standards for ammonia detectors are also detailed, along with the placement of leak detection sensors and the requirements for audible alarms. Additionally, the document specifies the ammonia detection and alarm levels, including Level 1 and Level 3 requirements such as concentration thresholds, activation of alarms, restriction of access, and activation of emergency systems in case of an alarm.

Chapter 18: Absorption Systems

Chapter 18 discusses the design requirements for ammonia-based absorption refrigeration systems. It covers various aspects such as ammonia purity requirements, integration with vapor-compression systems, minimum design pressures, materials compatibility, oil-free components, service exemptions for packaged units with low refrigerant quantities, and exemptions from specific requirements for packaged absorption units with refrigerant quantities not exceeding 22 lbs. It also includes provisions for instrumentation and controls, operating parameter monitoring, and ammonia detection and alarms, with specific exemptions based on installation location and refrigerant quantities.

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